GRAPHS OF EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS

GRAPHS OF EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS

By Nancy Marcus

In this section we will illustrate, interpret, and discuss the graphs of exponential functions. We will also illustrate how you can use graphs to HELP you solve exponential problems.

Solving an equation from a graph. When we solve an equation algebraically, we set the equation equal to zero and find those values that cause the equation to equal zero. When we solve an equation graphically, we look for points of intersection.

If there is one equation, we look to see where the graph crosses the x-axis. The x-intercepts are the solutions to the equation. The x-intercepts are those values of x that cause the function value to be zero.

If you are solving two equations graphically, you have two options. You can graph both equations and determine the value of x at the point(s) of intersection. You can also create a new graph by subtracting one function from another, graph the new function, and find the x-intercepts.

In the following examples, we will solve the equations algebraically and graphically.

Example 16: Solve the equation for x algebraically and graphically.

Algebraically:

1. Subtract 2 from both sides of the equation so that one side of the equation is equal to zero .

2. If you rewrite as , you will see that the equation is a quadratic in This means you can solve for using the quadratic formula.

3. Solve for using the quadratic formula.

4. Then and . There is no value of x such that will be a negative answer. Therefore, only is valid.

5. Recall that we are not solving for , we are solving for x.

6. Take the natural logarithm of both sides. The actual value of x is the or 2.106204.

Graphically - Method 1:

1. Graph and graph g(x)=2 on the same coordinate axis and find the point(s), if any, of intersection.

2. The graphs intersect at one point. (2.106204, 2). The solution is the value of x, or x = 2.106204.

Graphically - Method 2:

1. Subtract 2 from both sides of the equation to have .

2. Call the left side of the equation f(x) and graph f(x). Call the right side of the equation h(x) and graph h(x). Since the right side of the equation is nothing more than the x-axis, you will be looking for the x intercepts on the graphs of .

3. The graph of f(x) crosses the x-axis at x = 2.106204.

4. The solution is x = 2.1062404.

If you would like to review graphs of logarithmic functions, click on Example.

S.O.S MATHematics home page

Do you need more help? Please post your question on our S.O.S. Mathematics CyberBoard.